All dogs that stay at Pet Vacations are REQUIRED to have current vaccinations. Please provide proof of the following:
- Rabies
- Distemper/Parvo (DA2PP, DHLPP, the ‘alphabet’ vaccine)
- Canine Influenza (H3N2 and H3N8)
- Bordetella (kennel cough)
Taken from The American Animal Hospital Association www.aaha.org
- AAHA’s Canine Vaccination Guidelines are based on science. A task force of five expert veterinarians created them, along with 18 contributing reviewers, based on practical clinical experience and 123 references to scientific evidence. The guidelines also underwent a formal external review process.
- Protect at-risk dogs annually from certain complex diseases. If your veterinarian believes your dog is at risk for Lyme disease, leptospirosis, influenza and/or Bordetella (kennel cough), you’ll want to vaccinate him every year instead of every three years because of the differences in how a dog’s immune system responds to these specific germs.
- Rabies
- Combination vaccine:
- Distemper
- Adenovirus-2
- Parvovirus
- +/- Parainfluenza
Noncore Vaccines
- Bordetella bronchiseptica
- +/- Parainfluenza
- Leptospira
- 4-serovar
- Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease)
- Influenza (H3N8 and H3N2)
- Crotalus atrox (Western Diamondback Rattlesnake)
Do not administer vaccines to your dog by yourself. While vaccines are available through sources other than your veterinarian, they may not protect your pet against disease unless they are properly stored, handled, and administered. Your veterinary team is trained to do this correctly. It’s important to note that in many states and provinces, it is against the law for anyone other than a licensed veterinarian to give a rabies vaccine.
Questions to ask your veterinarian:
- Why are you recommending these vaccines for my dog? What risk factors does he have that lead you to those recommendations?
- Can you discuss the risks and benefits of titer testing with me? How accurate is it?
- Is the vaccine less expensive than the titer test?
- How often does my pet need to be vaccinated for rabies by law?
- What additional side effects should I watch for after my pet is vaccinated?
- Will you please document the injection site and vaccine type in my dog’s medical record?
- My dog is small. Is there a vaccine we could delay until a later time or is now best?
- When will my dog need a booster to stay protected?
CORE Vaccines
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1-yr & 3-yr labeled vaccines are available.
Administer by the SQ or intramuscular (IM) route (see Manufacturer’s Package Insert for the vaccine selected)
For state-specific information on rabies immunization and law, click here
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Initial Vaccination
(Dogs ≤16 Wk of Age) |
Administer a single dose not earlier than 12 wk of age.
A second dose is required within 1 yr following the initial dose.
Most, but not all, states and provinces allow discretion in the use of a 1-yr or a 3-yr labeled rabies vaccine when administering the initial dose. (Local requirements may vary.)
A majority of states and jurisdictions require the owner of a young dog to have the initial rabies vaccine administered between 12 and 16 wk of age. (Local requirements may vary.)
For state-specific information on rabies immunization and law, clcik here
(State/ Local/ Provincial law applies.)
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Initial Vaccination
(Dogs >16 Wk of Age) |
Administer a single dose of vaccine.
Regardless of the age of the dog at the time the initial rabies vaccine is administered, a second dose is required within 1 yr following the initial dose of rabies vaccine.
In most states and provinces, veterinarians are allowed discretion in administering either a 1-yr or a 3-yr labeled rabies vaccine.
Vaccination requirements may vary for dogs imported from other countries/states.
For state-specific information on rabies immunization and law, click here.
(State/ Local/ Provincial law applies.)
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Revaccination
(Booster) |
Administer a single dose of vaccine.
In most states and provinces, veterinarians are allowed discretion in administering either a 1-yr or a 3-yr labeled rabies vaccine.
The interval between subsequent doses is determined by the product label of the last vaccine dose administered (i.e., either 1 yr or 3 yr).
NOTE: Some states and some jurisdictions within states do NOT recognize a 1-yr labeled rabies vaccine, in which case a 3-yr labeled vaccine must be administered.
For state-specific information on rabies immunization and law, click here.
(State/ Local/ Provincial law applies.)
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Remarks
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Although some states and most provinces do not have a rabies vaccination requirement/law for dogs (or cats), rabies vaccination is recommended as a CORE vaccine in all states and provinces.
Most states (and jurisdictions within states) do NOT permit veterinarians to exempt the requirement for rabies vaccination even in dogs having medical contraindications to vaccination. For state-specific information on rabies immunization, vaccine exemption, and law, click here
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Combination vaccine administered as:
MLV or Recombinant Canine Distemper Virus
+ MLV Parvovirus + MLV Adenovirus-2 ± MLV Parainfluenza Virus
The recommendations listed apply whether or not CPiV vaccine is included.
Administer by the subcutaneous (SQ) route.
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Initial Vaccination
(Dogs ≤16 Wk of Age) |
Beginning as early as 6 wk of age, administer sequential doses of a combination vaccine at an interval of 2 to 4 wk until at least 16 wk of age.
Dogs that are ~16 wk of age when presented for initial vaccination should receive a second dose 2 to 4 wk later.
NOTE: Dogs residing in a HIGH-RISK environment may benefit from receiving a final dose at 18 to 20 wk of age.
HIGH RISK is a subjective assessment applicable to dogs residing at locations in which the incidence of CDV and/or CPV is considered to be high; it may also include puppies known to have significant exposure to other dogs or contaminated environments.
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Initial Vaccination
(Dogs >16 Wk of Age) |
Administer 1 or 2 doses of a combination vaccine (see below):
NOTE: Dogs residing in a HIGH-RISK environment and between 16 and 20 wk (4–5 mo) of age when presented for initial vaccination may benefit from administration of 2 doses of a combination vaccine 2 to 4 wk apart.
HIGH RISK is a subjective assessment applicable to dogs residing at locations in which the incidence of CDV and/or CPV is considered to be high; it may also include puppies known to have significant exposure to other dogs or contaminated environments.
NOTE: Dogs residing in a HIGH RISK environment and over 20 wk (5 mo) of age when presented for initial vaccination are expected to derive protective immunity from a single dose of a combination vaccine.
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Revaccination
(Booster) |
Administer a single dose of a combination vaccine within 1 yr following the last dose in the Initial Vaccination series.
Administer subsequent boosters at intervals of 3 yr or longer.
Measuring antibody levels (quantitative or qualitative) provides a reasonable assessment of protective immunity against CDV, CPV, and CAV2.
Click here for more information on antibody testing.
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Remarks
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Following completion of the Initial Vaccination series and the initial booster dose, MLV and Recombinant Core vaccines will provide a sustained protective response lasting beyond 3 yr.
The rCDV and MLV-CDV vaccines perform similarly with regard to onset of immunity following vaccination (in the absence of MDA) and duration of immunity.
Parvovirus (CPV): All MLV-CPV vaccines available as of 2017 are expected to provide immunity from disease caused by any field variant currently recognized (including CPV-2b and -2c†).
Canine Adenovirus-2 (CAV2): Primarily intended to protect against canine infectious hepatitis virus caused by CAV-1 (infectious canine hepatitis virus) but also offers protection against the respiratory CAV-2 (one of the pathogens associated with canine infectious respiratory disease syndrome).
Canine Parainfluenza Virus (CPiV): CPiV vaccine administered by the intranasal route may provide superior protection compared to vaccine administered by a parenteral route.
Following reconstitution, vaccine loss of potency may occur within hours. CORE vaccines should be administered within 1 hr following reconstitution; it is recommended that reconstituted vaccines held longer than 1 hr should be properly discarded. (Click here for more information on Vaccine Handling & Storage.)
For recommendations on managing dogs who are overdue for these vaccines,click here
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Bordetella bronchiseptica only (monovalent)
Three options are available:
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Initial Vaccination
(Dogs ≤16 Wk of Age) |
Parenteral (SQ): Two initial doses are required, 2 to 4 wk apart beginning as early as 8 wk of age.
IN: Administer a single dose intranasally. The IN vaccine may be administered as early as 3 to 4 wk of age.
Oral: Administer a single dose into the buccal pouch as early as 8 wk of age.
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Initial Vaccination
(Dogs >16 Wk of Age) |
Parenteral (SQ): Two initial doses are required, 2 to 4 wk apart, regardless of the patient’s age.
IN: Administer a single dose intranasally.
Oral: Administer a single dose into the buccal pouch.
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Revaccination
(Booster) |
Where risk of exposure is sustained, administer a single dose 1 yr following the last dose administered, then annually thereafter
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Remarks
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Although the IN vaccine may be administered as early as 3 to 4 wk of age, it is conventional in practice to administer a single dose between 8 and 16 wk of age.
Duration of immunity studies, based on challenge, have not been published for the parenteral (SQ) or the oral B. bronchiseptica vaccines.
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Canine Influenza Virus-H3N8
(killed)
Administer by the SQ route.
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Initial Vaccination
(Dogs ≤16 Wk of Age) |
Two initial doses, 2 to 4 wk apart, are required. The first dose may be administered to dogs 6 to 8 wk of age or older (see package insert for specific information).
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Initial Vaccination
(Dogs >16 Wk of Age) |
Two initial doses, 2 to 4 wk apart.
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Revaccination
(Booster) |
Where risk of exposure is sustained, administer a single dose within 1 yr following completion of the initial 2-dose series, then every year thereafter.
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Remarks
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When vaccination is recommended, dogs intended to be housed in boarding kennels or day-care facilities should BEGIN the initial vaccination series 4 wk prior to entry (2 wk between the initial vaccines plus 2 wk to allow time for a humoral immune response to develop).
Any dog deemed at risk for exposure to influenza virus should be vaccinated against both H3N2 and H3N8 strains.
Vaccinated dogs may still become infected following exposure, develop mild clinical signs, and transiently shed virulent virus.
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Canine Influenza Virus-H3N2
(killed)
Administer by the SQ route.
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Initial Vaccination
(Dogs ≤16 Wk of Age) |
Two initial doses, 2 to 4 wk apart, are required. The first dose may be administered to dogs 6 to 8 wk of age or older (see package insert for specific information).
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Initial Vaccination
(Dogs >16 Wk of Age) |
Two initial doses, 2 to 4 wk apart.
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Revaccination
(Booster) |
Where risk of exposure is sustained, administer a single dose within 1 yr following completion of the initial 2-dose series, then every year thereafter.
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Remarks
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When vaccination is recommended, dogs intended to be housed in boarding kennels or day-care facilities should BEGIN the initial vaccination series 4 wk prior to entry (2 wk between the initial vaccines plus 2 wk to allow time for a humoral immune response to develop).
Any dog deemed at risk for exposure to influenza virus should be vaccinated against both H3N2 and H3N8 strains.
Vaccinated dogs may still become infected following exposure, develop mild clinical signs, and transiently shed virulent virus.
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All dogs that stay at Pet Vacations are required to have current vaccinations.
Please provide proof of the following:
- Rabies,
- Distemper/Parvo (DA2PP, DHLPP, the ‘alphabet’ vaccine)
- Canine Influenza (H3N2 and H3N8)
- Bordetella (kennel cough)
*Please upload a copy of your current vaccine records to your client profile*
Bordetella Bronchiseptica
Disease Overview
Bordetella (also referred to as tracheobronchitis, canine cough [in dogs], and feline bordetellosis [in cats] ) is a highly contagious respiratory disease in cats and dogs caused by the bacteria Bordetella bronchiseptica. It causes inflammation of the trachea and bronchi.
Transmission
Italicize Bordetella spreads through direct contact (licking, nuzzling), through the air (coughing or sneezing and is resistant to destruction in the environment. Transmission can occur between dogs and cats.
Clinical Signs
- Dry, hacking cough (dogs)
- Retching
- Sneezing
- Watery nasal discharge
- Pneumonia, inappetence, fever, and lethargy in severe cases
Signs of canine infectious tracheobronchitis typically develop 2 to 14 days after exposure to B. bronchiseptica. In mild cases, signs typically resolve within 10 to 14 days. More severe cases, particularly when a subsequent infection has occurred, can require a much longer recovery. Infected animals can continue to shed (spread) the bacterium for months after recovery.
In healthy adult dogs, B. bronchiseptica typically causes no more than a mild illness. In puppies or in dogs with other underlying health issues, however, it can cause severe illness or even death in rare cases.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Although sophisticated testing is available, diagnosis is generally based on a history of exposure to infected dogs or a recent visit to a kennel, combined with the presence of signs of illness.
In mild cases, treatment is generally supportive, as the disease typically resolves on its own unless a subsequent infection occurs. Precautionary antibiotics to prevent subsequent infection may be prescribed. In severe cases, treatment may consist of administration of antibiotics as well as medications to help your pet breathe more easily. Cough medication may also be prescribed if appropriate.
A harness, rather than a collar, is recommended for leash walking of ill dogs. A traditional collar puts pressure on already sensitive and irritated tracheal tissues and can induce coughing episodes.
The term kennel cough is a misnomer, as dogs don’t necessarily contract the disease as a result of being kenneled. Rather, they become ill because kennels can be stressful environments for some dogs, and stress can suppress the immune system, increasing susceptibility to disease. Also, kennel conditions (such as group housing) can make it easier to spread infectious organisms, such as B. bronchiseptica. Any place (dog parks, veterinary hospitals, pet stores) where large numbers of dogs gather together increases the risk of disease transmission.
Vaccination is the best way to protect your dog from illness associated with canine infectious tracheobronchitis, however it does not guarantee your pet will not contract the infection.
Intranasal or oral B. bronchiseptica vaccines are available in addition to the traditional injectable vaccine. Ask your veterinarian which type is best for your pet.
